Milk-alkali syndrome (MAS) consists of hypercalcemia, various degrees of renal failure, and metabolic alkalosis as a result of ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. This syndrome was discovered in the 1930s after treatment of peptic ulcer disease with milk and sodium bicarbonate had become common.1 Initially considered a rare condition, MAS is now believed to be the third most common cause of in-hospital hypercalcemia, after hyperparathyroidism and malignant neoplasms.2
Nowadays it might better be named calcium-alkali syndrome. The old culprits, milk and baking soda, once used to treat peptic ulcer, have been replaced by calcium carbonate antacids. Re-emergence of the syndrome is due to increasing popular awareness of the problem of osteoporosis.
Another review was published more recently. I should point out an error in that review. Calcitriol is mentioned as an adjunctive treatment. I think they meant to say calcitonin.
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